INFORMATION ABOUT INDIA NATIONAL
Calendar Saka Calendar
Reason and Process of
selecting Indian
National Calendar
There are different Calendar
use in India at different locations by different group of peoples due to this reason Indian government want an
accurate calendar based on scientific study and
could be adopted throughout India.
Despite theis Indian government also attempt Rashtriya Panchangs but not
able to find acceptance.
So , In 1952, Calendar Reform
Committee was formed under Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, whose head was an senior Indian
Astrophysicist Dr. Meghnad Saha:-
Indian
Astrophysicist Dr. Meghnad Saha head of Calendar Reform Committee
Calendar Reform Committee
undertake a detailed study of
thirty calendars commonly use at different
locations of India and in 1954
Calendar Reform Committee recommend a fixed tropical solar calender which tracks Earth's orbit around sun and
months are fixed extra. They rejected tropical lunisolar calendar which is based on moon's phases extra.
Calendar Reform Committee also take detail of
Saka Calendar because Saka Calendar is also a tropical Solar Calender.
Starting of Saka Calendar
Saka Calendar have a link
with "Saka Era" which begin in 78
AD and it believed that Saka Era was founded by King
Kanishka.
It also believed that King Shalivahana
(or Salivahna) of Shatavahana
dynasty, had started Saka Calendar after defeating
Sakas.
So, Saka Calendar started from
78 CE (Common Era) by- King
Shalivahana:-
King
Shalivahana (or Salivahna)
Details of Saka Calendar
Saka Calendar (Shaka Calender) also known as
Shalivahana Saka Calendar. Saka calendar is a solar
or lunisolar calendar which mean that its dates indicates season. So, it mean
that its system is related to the position of Sun or stars.
Earth
an Sun position and Earth rotation play a role in Season
Similarity of Saka Calendar with Gregorian Calendar
Note :-
Gregorian Calender is widely used as solar
calendar today and it introduced by Gregory XIII in 1582 to correct Julian
Calendar inaccuracies.
Saka Calendar and Gregorian Calendar both have 365
days, 12 months and 7 days
in a week.
Months Similarity of Saka Calendar with Gregorian Calendar
Saka Calendar
S I M I L A R I T Y
Gregorian Calendar
No.
Months
Number of Days
No.
Months
Number of Days
1
Chaitra
30 (31)
1
January
31
2
Vaisakha
31
2
February
28 (29 in leap year)
3
Jyaishtha
31
3
March
31
4
Ashadha
31
4
April
30
5
Sravana
31
5
May
31
6
Bhadra
31
6
June
30
7
Asvina
30
7
July
31
8
Kartika
30
8
August
31
9
Agrahayana (Margasirsha)
30
9
September
30
10
Pausha
30
10
October
31
11
Magha
30
11
November
30
12
Phalguna
30
12
December
31
Week Similarity of Saka Calendar with Gregorian Calendar
Saka Calendar
S I M I L A R I T Y
Gregorian Calendar
No.
Sanskrit Weekday Name
Sanskrit Planet Name
No.
English Weekday Name
English Planet Name
1
Ravivara
Ravi
1
Sunday
Sun
2
Somavara
Soma
2
Monday
Moon
3
Mangalavara
Mangala
3
Thuesday
Mars
4
Budhavara
Budha
4
Wednesday
Mercury
5
Brhaspativara
Brhaspati
5
Thursday
Jupiter
6
Sukravara
Sukra
6
Friday
Venus
7
Sanivara
Sani
7
Saturday
Saturn
Understanding Saka Calendar with Gregorian Calendar
No.
Saka Calendar Months
Date from starting to end of months
according to Gregorian Calendar
1
Chaitra
From 21st or 22nd March to 20th April
2
Vaishakha
From 21st April to 21st May
3
Jyeshtha
From 22nd May to 21st June
4
Ashadha
From 22nd June to 22nd July
5
Shravana
From 23rd July to 22nd August
6
Bhadra
From 23rd August to 22nd September
7
Ashivin
From 23rd September to 22nd October
8
Kartika
From 23rd October to 21st November
9
Agrahayana
From 22nd November to 21st December
10
Pausha
From 22nd December to 20th January
11
Magha
From 21st January to 19th February
12
Phalguna
From 20th February to 2oth or 21st October
Saka Calendar year begins with Chaitra and which falls on
22nd March (or 21st
March in a leap year) of Gregorian Calender.
Declaration and Usage of Indian
National Calendar Saka Calendar
On 22nd March
1957, Saka Calendar was officially adopted as National
Calendar of India by Calendar Reform Committee
which
was formed and recommended by
government of India who's aiming
for Unified national civil calendar and replacing confusing regional
system.
India National Calendar Saka Calendar is used alongside Gregorian Calendar
in news broadcasts by
All India Radio and in calendars and communications
issued by government of India. India National Calendar Saka Calendar also used by Gazette of India
which is a official public jurnal and authorized legal document of
Indian Government:-
India
National Calendar Saka Calendar use in Government document of India with
Gregorian Calendar
